Muon pT Scale and Resolution Calibration for the CMS Experiment

This thesis presents a procedure for deriving transverse momentum (pT) scale and resolution corrections for muons in the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment, crucial for precise particle physics analyses. The methodology is based on Drell-Yan Z → μμ events and utilizes three datasets: simulated events with and without detector effects, and actual detector data. The derivation process consists of four steps: calculating initial scale correction parameters, extracting resolution parameters through fitting, iteratively refining scale corrections based on the invariant mass of muon pairs, and quantifying resolution differences between simulated and real muons. The new procedure was validated using data from LHC Run 2, showing performance on par with previously employed methods. A feasibility study demonstrated its applicability in lower pT regions using J/ψ resonance events. As the Muon Physics Object Group prepares for analyses of LHC Run 3 data, the developed correction parameters will enhance measurement accuracy, with implementation code made accessible to CMS collaborators. Future improvements, including potential machine learning integration and more detector-specific corrections, are also discussed.